What significant effect can ice on an airframe have during flight?

Ice accumulation on an airframe significantly impacts the aerodynamic properties of an aircraft in flight. The primary effect is the reduction of lift and the increase of drag. When ice forms on the wings and control surfaces, it alters the smooth airflow around these critical areas. This disruption leads to a decrease in the lift generated by the wings, which is essential for maintaining altitude and maneuvering.

At the same time, the irregular surface created by ice increases aerodynamic drag, meaning the aircraft has to exert more power to maintain its speed. This not only affects the aircraft’s performance but can also lead to dangerous flight conditions, such as stalling, where the wings are no longer capable of producing sufficient lift. Therefore, the presence of ice greatly compromises the aircraft's ability to fly safely and efficiently due to these aerodynamic changes.