What gases make up the majority of the atmosphere?

The majority of the atmosphere is composed of nitrogen and oxygen, with nitrogen making up approximately 78% and oxygen around 21%. This composition is critical for life on Earth, as nitrogen serves as a stabilizing element in the atmosphere and is essential for the growth of plants. Oxygen is vital for respiration by humans and most other organisms. These two gases are predominant in the troposphere, where most weather phenomena occur.

The remaining small percentage of the atmosphere consists of other gases, including argon, carbon dioxide, and trace gases. Understanding the primary components of the atmosphere is fundamental for meteorology, as these gases influence weather patterns and climate. The stable composition of these gases explains their significant role in atmospheric science, including the formation of clouds, precipitation, and overall climate regulation.