What atmospheric condition leads to the formation of Arctic sea smoke?

The formation of Arctic sea smoke is primarily a result of cold air flowing over relatively warm water. In this phenomenon, when the temperature of the water is significantly higher than that of the air above it, the warmer water evaporates into the colder air. This creates a visible mist or steam, known as sea smoke. The cold air can hold less moisture than warm air, so as water vapor rises and cools, it condenses into tiny water droplets, forming the fog-like appearance.

This interaction between the temperature of the air and the temperature of the water is critical in leading to the development of this meteorological phenomenon. It emphasizes the concept of temperature gradients, where the contrast significantly influences weather patterns, particularly in polar regions. In contrast, the other options do not correctly describe the specific conditions needed for Arctic sea smoke to form.